Window structure



pril 27, 1943. P H KUYPER 2,317,686

' WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Oct. 12, 1942 atente am@ m sucrose 1' .15,Iowa, ,t cui,

, nella, lo a corporation of i .FFICE L to Bol- Application October12,1342, Serial No.V 481,717

(Ci. iso-ici) 2d Uiaims;

usual t oi window frame and occupy positions against the blind stopsthereof.

' Another object is .to provide an upper storm sash to remain intheupper half of the window freine, and 'a lower stormand a lower screensash which neintercr eably positioned for onev orthe other.- to vformadownward extension oftheupper storm sash while the remaining one isstojin a position coincident with the sir storm thug eliminating theproblem of providing storage space in a basement orearage -ior stormsashesin the summertime, and for screen sashes in the wintertime. Y u

Still another object is to provide the sashes so that all three can bestored in raised position if it is undersirable to have either a stormor a screen sash acrs the lower haii' oi' the window frame. I

A further object is to provide the lower storm sash and the screen sashso designed as to .require only the raising oi one and the lowering ofthe other to eect a change from one to the other across the lower halfof the window trame, with the remaining sash stored in an inconspicnousposition.

Other objects are to provide an upper storm sash which is floatinglymounted and spring-biased in such manner as to hold the lower storm sashor the screen sash in stored position, and to hold it in raised positionwhile the other sash is being lowered, the ends of the sashes being soarranged as to automatically shift the movable sash into proper positionbythe mere raising of one and the lowering of the other.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in theconstruction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of mydevice whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinaftermore fully set forth, pointed outin my claims and illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is an outside elevation of a window structure embodying myinvention. the upper half thereof having a lower storm sash in storedposition, and the lower half having a screen sash in lowered positionspanning the lower half of the window frame. As to the scale oi? thedrawing, the frames of the sashes have been reduced to about one-fourthsize, whereas the over-al1 height and width of the window frame has beenreduced considerably more, so as to conserve space on the drawing, thesashes in actual practice having much narrower trames in proportion tothe over-all sizes thereof;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an inside elevation of only the thx' sashes constituting myinvention; f Fis. 4 is an enlarged sectional view on the line a-s ofFigure l;

Figure 5 is an enlarged sectionalview on the lineofFigure l; and Figures6, '1. 8 and 9 are diagrammatic views somewhat similar to Figure 2showing dlil'erent positions of the parts in operation.

On the accompanying drawing the usual window frame is illustrated, theouter side casings thereof being shown at iii,the sill at I2, and theouter head casing at i3. 'Ihe usual window frame has a head blind stopil and a pair oi side blind stops it. The side blind stops in Figures 6,7, 8 and 9 are indicated as lines, andthe same is true of the outersurfaces oi the side casings -i 0.

My window structure includes iirst, second and third sashes, indicatedas i`, 2 and 3, respectively. The sash I is ansupper storm sash, more orless permanently mounted in position. The sash 2 is a lower storm sash,and the sash 3 is a screen sash.l Each ot the sashes has a suitableframe, the sashes i and 2 having glass panes i6 therein and the sash 3having a screen panel il. The frame for the sash i has substantiallysquare edges, whereas the side edges of the sashes 2 and 8 are'rabbetedto form shoulders, indicated at i3 and i8, respectively. The upper andlower edges, respectively, oi the sashes 2 and 3- are beveled, asindicated at 20 and 2i. Y

For iloatingly mounting the upper storm sash i I -provide spring-biasedpins 22. The springs therefor are indicated at 23. These pins entersockets 2t lbored into the sides of the window frame, the springsthereafter `being retained in position by plates 25 and Wood screws 28.The

pins 22 have hooked ends 21, adapted to engage the outer surface of thesash i. These hooked ends are associated -with forked brackets 28s'ecured by screws 29 to the sash l.

Secured to the edges of the side casings I0 are retainer elements 30 inthe form of small blocks of wood .fastened as by iinish nails 3|. Theretainer elements 30 present inclined surfaces 3`2 to coact with thesashes 2 and 3, as Will hereinafter appear.

To facilitate handling the sashes 2 and 3 I provide a handle 33 foreach. The handles 33 pass through holes 34 in the lowerl rail of eachsash 2 and 3, and have lower cross-members 35 positioned in socket-likeportions 36 cut into the lower rails. The handles 33 are therebyvertically slidable in the holes 34 to assume either the raisedposition, shown by solid lines in Figures l,

2 and 3, or a lowered position, as shown by dotted lines adjacent thecenter of Figure 3.

Secured to the upper storm sash I is a strip of heavy sheet metal 36forming a catch for retaining either the sash 2 or the sash 3 in araised position relative to the sash I. The strip 36 has a catch element31 and a stop flange 38.

Practical Operation In the operation of my window structure the windowis shown adjusted for summertime, in Figures l, 2 and 3. The lower stormsash 2 is stored in a raised position coincident with the upper stormsash I, and the screen sash 3 is in lowered position. These positionsare also shown by solid lines in Figure 6.

Referring now to the diagrammatic views, the handle 33 of the sash 3 maybe used for raising this sash. During the raising operation it willassume the dotted position of Figure 6, with the inclined edge 20 of thesash 3 engaging the inclined edge 2| of the sash 2, and thereby shiftingthe upper edge of the sash 3 outwardly. This upper edge acts as a wedgeto swing the upper sash I outwardly against the. biasing springs 23,and, at the same time, releases the catch element 31 from the sash 2.

The sash 3, as it is pushed upwardly, will, after about half of itstravel, cause the upper sash to assume the full-line position ofFigure'1. The sash 3 may then b e further raised and its upper edge will passthe catch element 31 and finally be stopped by the stop ange` 38. Thecatch element 31 then assumes a position under the lower edge of theupper rail of the sash 3, and this particular portion of the rail isindicated at 39 in the diagrammatic View. The sashes will then be in theposition shown by full lines in Figure 8.

The lower storm sash 2 may now be lowered from its stored position inFigure 8 by pushing its handle 33 downwardly to the dotted position ofFigure 3 and grasping the lower cross-member 35 thereof. 'Ihis sash isshown partially lowered, by dotted lines in Figure 8, and almostcompletely lowered, by solid lines in Figure 9. It is obvious that thefurther downward movement of the sash 2 will bring it to the positionshown for the sash 3 in Figure 2, and as its upper edge passes the loweredge of the sash 3, the springbiased pins 22 will swing the upper sash Iand the screen sash 3 inwardly, toward the blind stops, so that theyfinally swing into the position shown for the sashes I and 2 in Figure2. This is the final position, and it will be noted that the upper edgeof the lowest sash is held with its shoulders I3 or I9, as the case maybe, against the blind stops I by the lower edge of the sash Ioverlapping the upper edge of the lower sash. At the same time, theloweredge of the lower sash is retained against the blind stops by the weightof the lower sash cooperating with the inclined surfaces 32 of theretainer elements 30, which inclined surfaces tend to shift the loweredge of the lower sash inwardly. Thus, a contact seal is maintained bythe upper sash I and the retainer elements 30 for the sashes 2 and 3relative to the blind stops I5. At the same time, the lower sash forms acontinuation of the upper sash I, and contact between their adjacentupper and lower edges, respectively, forms a seal at this point.

In Figure '1 I have shown a dotted position which the lower sash mayassume when it is desirable to remove the sashes 2 and 3 for cleaningpurposes. The dotted lower sash in this figure obviously can now beswung outwardly through the window. frame and brought back through thelower half of the frame, after which the other lower sash may besimilarly removed. This removal facilitates cleaning or painting of thesashes, and the upper sash I may also be removed, if desired. This isaccomplished by pulling outwardly on the spring pins 22, as to thedotted position shown in Figure 4, and then swinging the hooks a halfturn so that the forked brackets 28 may be readily disassociatedtherefrom. In replacing the sashes the operations just outlined arereversed.

In the foregoing specification it will be obvious that I have providedfor the storage of screen and storm sashes within the usual type ofwindow frame, thus eliminating the necessity of some other storage spaceand much handling of the screen sash and storm sash when changing forthe winter or'summer season. Furthermore, a change from storm sash toscreen sash is so simple that the change Vmay readily be made for only afew days when the weather changes often. The installation problem isvery simple, involving merely the boring of two holes 24, the attachmentof two plates 23 and the attachment of two retainer elements 30. Afteronce installed, the storing operation of the sash 2 or the sash 3 isautomatically performed by the mere raising of one of these sashes andthe lowering of the other one. Either sash may be moved to a partiallyraised position, if that is desirable, and will be retained frictionallyin that position by the spring-biased pins 22.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangementof the partsof my device without departing from the real spirit and purpose of myinvention, and it is my intention to cover by my claims any modifiedforms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents which may bereasonably included within their scope without sacrificing any of theadvantages thereof.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a window structure, an' upper storm sash, a lower storm sash and alower screen sash, means for supporting said upper storm sash in awindow frame and biasing it toward the blind stops thereof, one of theremaining sashes being conned by said biasing means between said upperstorm sash and said Iblind stops, the other of said remaining sashesbeing in contact with said blind stops and forming a downwardcontinuation of said upper storm sash, said upper storm sash overlappingthe upper edge of said other remaining sash whereby said biasing meansis effective to hold the upper end thereof in contact with said blindstops, and retaining means adjacent the bottom of said other remainingsash presenting inclined surfaces engaged by the lower end thereof toretain said lower end in contact with said blind stops.

2. In a window structure, an upper storm sash, a lower storm sash and alower screen sash, means for supporting said upper storm sash in awindow frame and biasing it toward the blind stops thereof, one of theremaining sashes being confined by said biasing means between said upperstorm sash and said blind stops, the other of said remaining sashesbeing in contact with said blind stops and forming a downwardcontinuation of said upper storm sash.

3. In a window structure, an upper storm sash, a lower storm sash and alower screen sash, means for supporting said upper storm sash in awindow frame with one of the remaining sashes confined between said'upper storm sash and said window frame, the other of said remainingsashes forming a continuation of said upper storm sash, said upper stormsash overlapping the upper edge of said other remaining sash, and saidremaining sashes being interchangeable in position relative to eachother.

4. In a window structure, an upper storm sash, a lower storm sash and alower screen sash, means for supporting said upper storm sash in awindow frame with one 4of the remaining sashes conned between said upperstorm sash and said window frame, the other of said remaining sashesforming a continuation of said upper storm sash, ,and said remainingsashes being interchangeable in position relative to each other.

5. A window structure comprising three sashes, means for supporting oneof said sashesv in a window frame and biasing it toward the blind stopsthereof, one of said two sashes being confined by said biasing meansbetween said rst sash and said blind stops, the other of said two sashesbeing in contact with said blind stops and forming a continuation ofsaid rst sash, said first sash overlapping the upper edge of said lastsash whereby said biasing means is effective to hold the upper end ofsaid last sash in Contact with said blind stops, and retaining meansadjacent the bottom of said last sash presenting inclined surfacesengaged by the lower end thereof to retain said lower end in contactwith said blind stops.

6. A window structure comprising three sashes, means for supporting oneof said sashes in a window frame, one of said two sashes forming acontinuation of said ilrst sash and the other of said two sashes beingsupported between said first sash and the window frame, said two sashesbeing interchangeably` related to each other.

7. In a window structure, an upper sash, a pair of interchangeable lowersashes, means for supporting said upper sash in a window frame andbiasing it toward the blind stops thereof, one of said lower sashesbeing supported by said upper sash against said blind stops, the otherof said lower sashes being held by said upper sash in contact with saidblind stops and forming a continuation of said upper sash, said uppersash overlapping the upper edge of said last sash whereby said biasingmeans is effective to hold the upper end thereof in contact with saidblind stops, and retaining means adjacent the bottom of said last'sashto retain the lower end thereof in contact with said blind stops.

8. In a window structure, an upper sash, a pair of interchangeable lowersashes, means for supporting said upper sash in a window frame, one ofsaid lower sashes being supported by said upper sash, the other of saidlower sashes forming a continuation of said upper sash.

9. In a window structure, an upper sash, a pair of interchangeable lowersashes, means for supporting said upper sash in a window frame andbiasing it toward the blind stops thereof, one of said lower sashesbeing supported by said upper sash against said blind stops, the otherof said lower sashes being held by said upper sash in contact with saidblind stops and forming a continuation of said upper sash.

10. In a window structure, rst, second and third sashes, means forsupporting the rst sash in a window frame and biasing it toward theblind stops thereof, said second sash being confined between said rstsash and said blind stops by said biasing means, said third sash forminga downwardly extending continuation of said first sash and having itsupper edge in overlapping relation thereto whereby said biasing means iseffective to hold said upper edge in contact with said blind stops,means for retaining the lower edge of said third sash in contact withsaid blind stops, said means comprising elements secured to said Windowframe and having edges for the lower end of said third sash to engage,said edges being inclined to bias vsaid third sash toward said blindstops when the weight of the third sash moves it downwardly along saidinclined surfaces,

the upper and lower ends of said second and third sashes being beveledto effect wedging of said third sash between said iirst and secondsashes when the third sash is raised, and to likewise effect wedging ofsaid second sash between said first and third sashes when the secondsash is raised, and catch means for retaining said second or third sashin raised `position relative to said first sash after raising of thesecond or third sash, whereupon the other of said second and thirdsashes may be lowered to form a downward continuation of said firstsash.

11. In a window structure, first, second and third sashes, means forsupporting the first sash in a window frame, said second sash beingpositioned between said rst sash and said window frame, said. third sashforming a downwardly extending continuation of said first sash, theupper and lower ends of said second and third sashes being beveled toeffect wedging of said third sash between said first and second sasheswhen the third sash is raised, and to likewise effect wedging of saidsecond sash between said first and third sashes when the second sash israised, and catch means for retaining said second or third 'sash inraised position relative to said first sash after raising of the secondor third sash, whereupon the other of said second and third sashes maybe lowered to form a downward continuation of said rst sash.

12. In a window structure, first, second and third sashes, means forsupporting the first sash in a window frame and biasing it toward theblind stops thereof, said second sash being confined between said firstsash and said blind stops by said biasing means, said third sash forminga downwardly extending continuation of said first sash and having itsupper edge in overlapping relation thereto whereby said biasing means iseffective to hold said upper edge in contact with said blind stops,means for retaining the lower edge of said third sash in contact. withsaid blind stops, the upper and lower ends of said second and thirdsashes being beveled to effect wedging of said third sash between saidrst and second sashes when the third sash is raised, and

' to likewise effect wedging of said second sash in overlapping relationthereto whereby said biasing means is eifective to hold said .upper edgein contact with said blind stops, means for retaining the lower edge oisaid third sash in contact with said blind stops, the upper and lowerends of said lower sashes being beveled to effect wedging of the lowerone between said upper sashand the other lower sash when the spinosooutwardly to clear said inclined surface means whereby they may beremoved from the window frame, said second and third sashes having hanydles, said handles being vertically slidable relative thereto tofacilitate manipulation of the sashesbeing confined between said uppersash and said window frame, the other lower sash forming a downwardcontinuation of said upper sash, the upper and lower ends of said lowersashes being beveled to effect wedging yof the lower one between saidupper sash and the other lower sash when the third sash is raised.

1s. In o window structure, first, second and third sashes, means forsupporting the first sash on a window frame and biasing it toward theblind stops thereof, said second sash being conilned between said firstsash and said blind stops by said biasing means, said third sash forming.ya

- downwardly extending continuation `of said iirst sash and having itsupper edge in overlapping relation thereto whereby said biasing means iseiiective to hold said upper edge in contact with said blind stops,means for retaining the lower ,edge oi said third sash in contact withsaid blind stops, the upper and lower ends of said second and thirdsashes being beveled to eifect wedging them in raised position relativeto said iirst sash after raising of either thereof, whereupon the I yother ot said second and third sashes may be lowered to form a downwardcontinuation of said iirst sash. o

16. VIn a lwindow structure, an upper sash,

spring biased pins extending from a window frame and coacting with saidupper sash to support it in a position spaced from and biased toof saidthird sash between'said first and second sashes.

17. In a window structure, an upper sash, spring biased pins extendingfrom a window frame and coacting with said upper sash to support it in aposition spaced from and biased t0- ward theblind stops of the windowframe, a second sash conned between said rst sash and said blind stopsby said spring biased pins, means for normally retaining said secondsash adjacent said first sash, a third sash engaging said blind stopsand having its upper end in overlapping relation to the lower end ofsaid first sash and retained thereby against said blind stops, inclinedsurface means for effecting engagement of the lower end of said secondsash against said blind stops, said second and third sashes havinghandles, said handles being vertically slidable relative thereto tofacilitate manipulation of the sashes.

!18.`In a window strubture, an upper sash spaced from the blind stops ofthe window frame,

a second sash confined between said first sash positioning ofv saidthird sash between the rst and second sashes, said second sashbeingthereupon movable downwardly to assume the initial position of the thirdsash.

-19. In a window structure, an. upper sash, spring biased pins extendingfrom a window frame and coacting with said upper sash to' supward theblind stops o! the window frame; al sec-y ond sash coniined between saidfirst sash and vsaid blind stops by said spring biased pins, said instsash being-disconneotabie with relation to said pins, catch means fornormally retaining said second sash adjacent said rst sash, a third sashengaging said blind stops and having its l upper end in overlappingrelation to the lower end of said first sash and retained therebyagainst said blind stops, 'inclined surface means for eifectingengagement of the lower end of said second sash against said blindstops, the upper and lower ends of said second and third sashes beingbeveled to permit the third sash to force the first sash outwardly awayfrom said K second sash as the third sashiis raised and finalpositioning of said third sash between the rst and second sashes withsaid catch means retaining the third sash in such position, said secondport it in a position spaced from and biased toward the blind stops ofthe window frame, a second sash 4confined between said iirst sash andsaid blind stops byv said spring biased pins, the upper and lower endsof said second and third sashes being beveled to permit the third sashto force the first sash outwardly away from said second sash as thethird sash is raised and final positioning of said third sash betweenthe firstr andsecond sashes, said second sash being thereupon movabledownwardly to assume the initial position of the third sash.

20. In a. window structure, an upper sash, a second sash conned betweensaid first sash and a window frame, a third sash forming a continuationof said rst sash, the upper and lower en'ds of said second and thirdsashes being beveled to permit the third sash to wedge between the firstand second sashes as the third sash is raised and final positioning ofsaid third sash between the rst and second sashes, said' second sashbeing thereupon movable to assume the initial position of the thirdsash,

PETER H. KUYPER.

